Bestiario era el nombre que recibían en la Edad Media los libros donde se describían o trataban animales reales o imaginarios y sus aplicaciones en la simbología religiosa o sus equivalencias con cualidades morales. Fue una de las formas literarias predilectas y era una descripción enciclopédica donde el autor describía y clasificaba las especies y presentaba estos seres en fábulas cortas que podían ser utilizadas como enseñanza moral y religiosa. Al parecer cualquier colegial se sabía el Bestiario de memoria y la "Historia Natural" de Plinio, el fisiólogo, era el libro más difundido después de la Biblia hasta el siglo XII.
En esta conjunto de obras he tratado de mostrar a los seres más extraños y representativos de la mitología popular e indígena de América del Sur.
Estos seres imaginarios, como tales, escapan al rigor de las leyes biológicas y físicas. Han poblado siempre las noches del planeta y también la luz, sin que la era del átomo y la cibernética haya podido acabar con ellos, acaso porque el conocimiento científico y las utopías sociales están aún lejos de calmar todos los miedos ancestrales del ser humano y de colmar sus esperanzas.
BEASTS OF THE WORLD
Bestiario was the name that you/they received in the Half Age the books where they were described or they treated real or imaginary animals and its applications in the religious simbología or its equivalences with moral qualities. It was one in the favorite literary ways and it was an encyclopedic description where the author described and it classified the species and it presented these beings in short fables that could be used as moral teaching and nun. Apparently any schoolboy was known the Bestiario by heart and the Natural History of Plinio, the physiologist was the book more diffused after the Bible until the XII century.
In this group of works I have tried to show to the strangest and representative beings in the popular and indigenous mythology of America of the South.
These imaginary beings, as such, escape to the rigor of the biological and physical laws. They have always populated the nights of the planet and also the light, without the era of the atom and the cybernetics has been able to put an end to them, maybe because the scientific knowledge and the social utopias are still far from calming the human being ancestral fears and of filling their hopes.
Wednesday, September 30, 2009
EL AUTOR / THE AUTHOR
Jorge BernardNació en Mendoza, Argentina, en 1962. Estudió Artes Plásticas en la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza.Expuso dibujos, pinturas, historietas y dibujos animados en salas de Argentinay Chile. Trabajó para revistas de historietas, realizando guiones, cómics y portadas.En el campo publicitario de desempeñó como ilustrador, realizador independiente dedibujos animados y como Director de Arte para diversas agencias de publicidad.Se ha desempeñado también como Director de Arte Digital en Canal 7, de Mendoza.Actualmente reside en la provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, desempeñándosecomo Director de Arte en TV Fuego.
Jorge BernardHe was born in Mendoza, Argentina, in 1962. He studied plastic arts in the National University of Whose, Mendoza.It exposed drawings, paintings, comics and cartoons in rooms of Argentinaand Chile. He worked for magazines of comics, carrying out scripts, cómics and covers.In the advertising field of it carried out as illustrator, independent realizador ofcartoons and as Director of Art for diverse agencies of publicity.He has also acted as Director of Digital Art in Channel 7, of Mendoza.At the moment it resides in the county of Earth of the Fire, Argentina, actingas Director of Art in TV Fuego.
AHÓ AHÓ
Animal mítico de la región guaraní de terrible aspecto. Es semejante a una oveja pero de grandes garras y devora a los que encuentra en el monte. La única salvación es subirse a una palmera, árbol sagrado que no se atreverá a profanar. Si el perseguido se trepa a cualquier otro árbol, el Ahó-Ahó lo derribará cavando con sus potentes uñas, para devorarlo ni bien caiga al suelo.
Sospecha Ambrosetti que esta leyenda fue difundida por los padres jesuitas en las misiones del Alto Paraná para evitar que los guaraníes se alejaran de las reducciones, por temor a que desertaran, se perdieran en el monte o fueran victimados por los tigres o los indios no reducidos, que siempre merodeaban por los alrededores.
Mythical animal of the Guarani region of terrible aspect. It is similar to a sheep but of big claws and it devours those that he/she finds in the mount. The only salvation is to be gone up to a palm, sacred tree that won't dare to profane. If the one pursued you climbs to any other tree, the Ahó-Ahó will demolish it digging with its potent fingernails, to devour it neither well fall to the floor.
Ambrosetti that this legend was diffused by the parents Jesuit in the missions of the High Paraná to avoid the Guarani to move away from the reductions fearing that deserted, suspects they got lost in the mount or they were killed by the tigers or the not reduced Indians that always marauded for the surroundings.
Sospecha Ambrosetti que esta leyenda fue difundida por los padres jesuitas en las misiones del Alto Paraná para evitar que los guaraníes se alejaran de las reducciones, por temor a que desertaran, se perdieran en el monte o fueran victimados por los tigres o los indios no reducidos, que siempre merodeaban por los alrededores.
Mythical animal of the Guarani region of terrible aspect. It is similar to a sheep but of big claws and it devours those that he/she finds in the mount. The only salvation is to be gone up to a palm, sacred tree that won't dare to profane. If the one pursued you climbs to any other tree, the Ahó-Ahó will demolish it digging with its potent fingernails, to devour it neither well fall to the floor.
Ambrosetti that this legend was diffused by the parents Jesuit in the missions of the High Paraná to avoid the Guarani to move away from the reductions fearing that deserted, suspects they got lost in the mount or they were killed by the tigers or the not reduced Indians that always marauded for the surroundings.
EL FUTRE
El origen de este mito es mendocino, se sitúa en Puente del Inca, Mendoza, Argentina, y de ahí con diversas variantes, se extendió a otros puntos de la provincia y San Juan. Hay por lo menos dos versiones. Una dice que se trataría de un inglés bien vestido ( de ahí su nombre, pues se llama “futre” en Cuyo, a toda persona que viste elegantemente) que, tras haberlo perdido todo en la sala de juegos del hotel de esa localidad, salió vestido de frac en plena noche y se perdió entre los cerros nevados.
La otra versión dice que se trataba de un hombre humilde que trabajaba en el ferrocarril, que fue asesinado y decapitado por el amante de su esposa en la misma estación de Puente del Inca. Unos dicen que éste anda de noche con la cabeza en la mano y un hacha en la otra, amenazando a los que encuentra, mientras otros aseguran que se trata de un espectro inofensivo. En ambas versiones a veces el Futre aparece a caballo.
The origin of this myth is from Mendoza, it is located in Bridge of the Inca, Mendoza, and of there with diverse variants, he/she extended to other points of the county and San Juan. There is at least two versions. One says that it would be an English very dress (of there their name, because " futre " is called in Whose, to all person that you dressed elegantly) that, after having him lost everything in the room of games of the hotel of that town, tuxedo dress came out in full night and he got lost among the snowy hills.
The other version says that it was a humble man that worked in the railroad that was murdered and beheaded by its wife's lover in the same station of Bridge of the Inca. Some say that this walks at night with the head in the hand and an axe in the other one, threatening those that finds, while others assure that it is an inoffensive spectrum. In both versions the Futre sometimes appears to horse.
Furufuhué
Ente mitológico vinculado con el viento, infaltable en el sur de nuestro continente, con velocidades que a veces no permiten mantenerse en pie. Se lo describe como un pájaro cuyo cuerpo esta cubierto de escamas refulgentes en vez de plumas, y que solo puede ser visto a contrasol.
Nadie sabe donde anida ni de donde viene, pero explican que su potente silbido puede oirse de cualquier lugar de la Tierra. Este mito, original de la región meridional de Argentina y Chile se esta extinguiendo junto con lo indígenas, son actualmente muy pocos los habitantes de la zona, mestizos, criollos, colonos o descendientes de colonizadores europeos que lo conozcan.
Mythological entity linked with the wind, own in the south of our continent, with speeds that don't sometimes allow to stay in foot. It describes it to him as a bird whose body this covered with radiant flakes instead of feathers, and that alone it can be seen to back lighting.
Nobody knows where it nests neither of where he/she comes, but they explain that their potent whistle can be heard of any place of the Earth. This myth, original of the southern region of Argentina and Chile you this extinguishing together with the indigenous ones, they are at the moment very few the inhabitants of the area, mestizos, Creoles, colonists or European settlers' descendants that know it.
Nadie sabe donde anida ni de donde viene, pero explican que su potente silbido puede oirse de cualquier lugar de la Tierra. Este mito, original de la región meridional de Argentina y Chile se esta extinguiendo junto con lo indígenas, son actualmente muy pocos los habitantes de la zona, mestizos, criollos, colonos o descendientes de colonizadores europeos que lo conozcan.
Mythological entity linked with the wind, own in the south of our continent, with speeds that don't sometimes allow to stay in foot. It describes it to him as a bird whose body this covered with radiant flakes instead of feathers, and that alone it can be seen to back lighting.
Nobody knows where it nests neither of where he/she comes, but they explain that their potent whistle can be heard of any place of the Earth. This myth, original of the southern region of Argentina and Chile you this extinguishing together with the indigenous ones, they are at the moment very few the inhabitants of the area, mestizos, Creoles, colonists or European settlers' descendants that know it.
HUAYRAPUCA
Personaje fabuloso de dos o tres cabezas que puede hacer tanto el bien como el mal. En un extremo de su cuerpo puede tener una monstruosa cabeza de dragón y en el otro una de serpiente. Vive en las altas cumbres y en los profundos abismos montañosos. Sus malos sentimientos se manifiestan cuando destruye las cosechas y se afana por prolongar la sequía. Para conseguir esto se traba en encarnizada lucha con Puyuspa, el nublado, su eterno enemigo. Recorre las llanuras absorbiendo la humedad de plantas y secando la garganta de los animales, que mugen lastimeramente.
Fabulous character of two or three heads that he/she can make so much well the as the wrong. In an end of their body he/she can have a monstrous dragon head and in the other one one of snake. He/she lives in the high summits and in the deep mountainous abysses. Their bad feelings are manifested when it destroys the crops and he/she toils to prolong the drought. To get this it is begun in bloody fight with Puyuspa, the cloudy one, their eternal enemy. It travels the plains absorbing the humidity of plants and the throat of the animals that you/they moo plaintively drying off.
Fabulous character of two or three heads that he/she can make so much well the as the wrong. In an end of their body he/she can have a monstrous dragon head and in the other one one of snake. He/she lives in the high summits and in the deep mountainous abysses. Their bad feelings are manifested when it destroys the crops and he/she toils to prolong the drought. To get this it is begun in bloody fight with Puyuspa, the cloudy one, their eternal enemy. It travels the plains absorbing the humidity of plants and the throat of the animals that you/they moo plaintively drying off.
KAPARILO
Leyenda de los montes de Copo, en Santiago del Estero. En este ser toman forma todos los ruidos extraños en un ser poco definido, que puede tomar la forma de una bola de carne. Entre sus características está la de hacerse invisible, y también la de modular sus gritos de modo que se acerquen y alejen arbitrariamente, sembrando miedo y desconcierto. Suele rondar los ranchos cuando los hombres se han ausentado.
Legend of the mounts of Flake, in Santiago of the Tideland. In this being they take form all the strange noises in a not very defined being that can take the form of a meat ball. among their characteristics it is the one of becoming invisible, and also the one of modulating their screams so that they come closer and move away arbitrarily, sowing fear and bewilderment. It is usually about the ranches when the men have been absent.
Legend of the mounts of Flake, in Santiago of the Tideland. In this being they take form all the strange noises in a not very defined being that can take the form of a meat ball. among their characteristics it is the one of becoming invisible, and also the one of modulating their screams so that they come closer and move away arbitrarily, sowing fear and bewilderment. It is usually about the ranches when the men have been absent.
TORO SÚPAY
Toro Diablo. Conocido en Santiago del Estero, especialmente en los salvages montes del río Saladillo y el resto de la región saladina. Ricardo Rojas lo describe como de estatura gigantesca, cabeza redonda, entre humana y taurina, de cuello erguido y cola y nuca cerdosas. Echa humo sulfuroso por las narices, y su boca parece una trompa llena de bramidos. Otras descripciones recogidas por Bravo y Franco, destacan sus cuernos de oro.
Protege la hacienda, y le da un grado de prosperidad inalcanzable por medios naturales. Pero es preciso para esto que el dueño de la misma haya realizado un pacto con el Súpay. A la muerte del dueño, éste no sólo cargará con su alma, sino también la hacienda. Al amanecer del día siguiente, mientras dure el velorio, los corrales estarán vacíos.
Protege la hacienda, y le da un grado de prosperidad inalcanzable por medios naturales. Pero es preciso para esto que el dueño de la misma haya realizado un pacto con el Súpay. A la muerte del dueño, éste no sólo cargará con su alma, sino también la hacienda. Al amanecer del día siguiente, mientras dure el velorio, los corrales estarán vacíos.
Bull Devil. Well-known in Santiago of the Tideland, especially in the salvages mounts of the river Saladillo and the rest of the region saladina. Red Ricardo describes it as of gigantic stature, round head, between human and taurine, of erect neck and line and bristly nape. It tosses sulfurous smoke for the noses, and their mouth seems a trumpet full with bellows. Other descriptions picked up for Bravo and Franco, they highlight their horns of gold.
It protects the country property, and he/she gives him a degree of unreachable prosperity for natural means. But it is necessary for this that the owner of the same one has carried out a pact with the Súpay. To the owner's death, this won't only load with their soul, but also the country property. To the dawn of the following day, while the wake lasts, the corrals will be empty.
It protects the country property, and he/she gives him a degree of unreachable prosperity for natural means. But it is necessary for this that the owner of the same one has carried out a pact with the Súpay. To the owner's death, this won't only load with their soul, but also the country property. To the dawn of the following day, while the wake lasts, the corrals will be empty.
TREN TREN FILU VENCE A KAY KAY FILU
Kay Kay Filú, la serpiente enemiga de la vida, convocó a las aguas para cubrir la tierra y acabar con los hombres y animales. Tren Tren Filú, aliada de la gente, organizó la defensa rogando a los cerros que crecieran a la par de la inundación. Hombres y mujeres treparon a cada loma, pero algunos no llegaron, son peces, son rocas. Los que consiguieron lugar en las alturas salvaron suy vida y en espera de que las aguas bajaran, expuestos de cerca al sol, quedaron morenos. Ellos son los mapuche, la gente de la tierra ( de mapu: tierra y che: gente).
Así es el génesis del pueblo mapuche, transmitido de abuelo a abuelo a través de los siglos.
Kay Kay Filú, the enemy snake of the life, summoned to the waters to cover the earth and to put an end to the men and animals. Tren Tren Filú, allied of people, it organized the defense requesting to the hills that grew at the same time of the flood. Men and women climbed to each hill, but some didn't arrive, they are fish, they are rocks. Those that got place in the heights saved suy life and while waiting for that the waters lowered, exposed closely in the sun, they were brown. They are the mapuche, people of the earth (of mapu: earth and che: people).
It is this way the genesis of the town mapuche, transmitted of grandfather to grandfather through the centuries.
Así es el génesis del pueblo mapuche, transmitido de abuelo a abuelo a través de los siglos.
Kay Kay Filú, the enemy snake of the life, summoned to the waters to cover the earth and to put an end to the men and animals. Tren Tren Filú, allied of people, it organized the defense requesting to the hills that grew at the same time of the flood. Men and women climbed to each hill, but some didn't arrive, they are fish, they are rocks. Those that got place in the heights saved suy life and while waiting for that the waters lowered, exposed closely in the sun, they were brown. They are the mapuche, people of the earth (of mapu: earth and che: people).
It is this way the genesis of the town mapuche, transmitted of grandfather to grandfather through the centuries.
VIEJO DE LA BOLSA
Personaje legendario que vaga por las calles de pueblos y ciudades, cargando en sus hombros una enorme bolsa en la que guarda los más variados elementos, todo lo que encuentra o puede robar por ahí, su aspecto es temible aunque nunca se lo puede ver con precisión. Suele cargar en su bolsa a los niños que no hacen caso a sus padres para llevárselos con él a vivir a su guarida en el basural.
Legendary character that wanders for the streets of towns and cities, loading in their shoulders an enormous bag in which keeps the most varied elements, all that finds or he/she can steal somewhere around, their aspect is terrible although he can never see accurately it. It usually loads in their bag to the children that don't pay attention to their parents to be taken them with him to live to their den in the landfill.
Legendary character that wanders for the streets of towns and cities, loading in their shoulders an enormous bag in which keeps the most varied elements, all that finds or he/she can steal somewhere around, their aspect is terrible although he can never see accurately it. It usually loads in their bag to the children that don't pay attention to their parents to be taken them with him to live to their den in the landfill.
YAGUARETÉ ABÁ
Hombre tigre, leyenda muy difundida en Corrientes, Misiones y Paraguay.
Son viejos indios bautizados que de noche se vuelven yaguaretés para comerse
a sus compañeros u otras personas. Cuando les viene el mal propósito se alejan de sus semejantes y se sumergen en la oscuridad de la noche, buscando el abrigo de un matorral. Allí empiezan a revolcarse de izquierda a derecha sobre un cuero de jaguar, rezando un credo al revés mientras cambian de aspecto. Salen entonces de caza, y ya devorada la presa, retoman a su forma primitiva, realizando la misma operación, pero ahora en sentido inverso.
Son viejos indios bautizados que de noche se vuelven yaguaretés para comerse
a sus compañeros u otras personas. Cuando les viene el mal propósito se alejan de sus semejantes y se sumergen en la oscuridad de la noche, buscando el abrigo de un matorral. Allí empiezan a revolcarse de izquierda a derecha sobre un cuero de jaguar, rezando un credo al revés mientras cambian de aspecto. Salen entonces de caza, y ya devorada la presa, retoman a su forma primitiva, realizando la misma operación, pero ahora en sentido inverso.
Man tiger, legend very diffused in Corrientes, Missions and Paraguay.
They are old baptized Indians that at night they become yaguaretés to eat up
to their partners or other people. When he/she comes them the bad purpose they move away from their fellow men and they dive in the darkness of the night, looking for the coat of a heath. There they begin to flail from left to right on a jaguar leather, praying a credo the other way around while they change aspect. They leave hunt then, and already devoured the prey, they recapture to their primitive form, carrying out the same operation, but now in inverse sense.
They are old baptized Indians that at night they become yaguaretés to eat up
to their partners or other people. When he/she comes them the bad purpose they move away from their fellow men and they dive in the darkness of the night, looking for the coat of a heath. There they begin to flail from left to right on a jaguar leather, praying a credo the other way around while they change aspect. They leave hunt then, and already devoured the prey, they recapture to their primitive form, carrying out the same operation, but now in inverse sense.
BESTIARIO CARTOON
Esta serie de obras las he realizado de manera digital, excepto los fondos de las mismas que fueron hechas a mano. Las he llamado Bestiario Cartoon, porque están diseñadas con un criterio de cómic o de animación, y están más orientadas al conocimiento infantil de la mitología indoamericana.
This series of works has carried out them in a digital way, except the funds of the same ones that were made by hand. I have called them Bestiario Cartoon, because they are designed with a cómic approach or of animation, and they are more guided the infantile knowledge of the aboriginal mythology and American.
This series of works has carried out them in a digital way, except the funds of the same ones that were made by hand. I have called them Bestiario Cartoon, because they are designed with a cómic approach or of animation, and they are more guided the infantile knowledge of the aboriginal mythology and American.
Basilisco
Antigua leyenda de origen probablemente oriental, introducida en Europa por los romanos. Plinio habló del Basilisco y varios artistas se ocuparon de su iconografía. Es un híbrido nacido de la fecundación de un huevo de culebra por un sapo al que se describe como un animal verdaderamente fabuloso, algo semejante al dragón, con patas de gallina y cola de serpiente, una cresta en la cabeza y por lo común provisto de alas, su aliento pudre el aire, envenena las aguas y marchita todo verdor. Huye de la luz del día escondiéndose en los techos de las casas, para fulminar desde allí, con su diabólica mirada a los desdichados que se dejan sorprender.
THE BASILISK
Antigua legend of probably oriental origin, introduced in Europe by the Romans. Plinio spoke of the Basilisk and several artists were in charge of of its iconography. It is a hybrid one born of the fecundation of a snake egg for a toad to the one that is described as a truly fabulous animal, something similar to the dragon, with hen paws and snake line, a crest in the head and in general provided of wings, their encouragement rots the air, it poisons the waters and it withers all greenery. He/she escapes from the light of the day hiding in the roofs of the houses, to fulminate from there, with their diabolical look to the unhappy ones that are allowed to surprise.
THE BASILISK
Antigua legend of probably oriental origin, introduced in Europe by the Romans. Plinio spoke of the Basilisk and several artists were in charge of of its iconography. It is a hybrid one born of the fecundation of a snake egg for a toad to the one that is described as a truly fabulous animal, something similar to the dragon, with hen paws and snake line, a crest in the head and in general provided of wings, their encouragement rots the air, it poisons the waters and it withers all greenery. He/she escapes from the light of the day hiding in the roofs of the houses, to fulminate from there, with their diabolical look to the unhappy ones that are allowed to surprise.
Chancha con Cadenas
En el norte de Santiago del Estero, se dice que por las inmediaciones de las vías del ferrocarril, en noches de luna llena. merodea una chancha del demonio que arrastra pesadas cadenas con las que hace un ruido espeluznante y aterroriza a los pobladores. Otras versiones dicen que corre como enloquecida por los cables del teléfono.
PIG WITH CHAINS
In the north of Santiago of the Tideland, it is said that for the vicinity of the roads of the railroad, in nights of full moon. the demon's pig that drags heavy chains with those that he/she makes a thrilling noise marauds and it terrifies the residents. Other versions say that he/she runs as gone mad by the cables of the telephone.
PIG WITH CHAINS
In the north of Santiago of the Tideland, it is said that for the vicinity of the roads of the railroad, in nights of full moon. the demon's pig that drags heavy chains with those that he/she makes a thrilling noise marauds and it terrifies the residents. Other versions say that he/she runs as gone mad by the cables of the telephone.
ELENGASEM
De la mitología Tehuelche quedan relatos incompletos, donde se destaca la figura del ELEMGASEM, padre o generador de la raza que vive en una cueva, al que se le atribuye la autoría de las pinturas rupestres.
"Gran animal extraño, cubierto de enorme cáscara, muy gruesa parecida a la de los armadillos actuales o de piedra. Robaba mujeres y tenía según algunos cara humana y según otros era un hombre de talla gigantesca cubierta la espalda de una enorme coraza."
Los Günün-a-küna tenían un canto dedicado al Elemgasem y decían que era el "dueño" de todos los animales vivientes y que sólo podía ser muerto por el rayo. Raspaban los huesos del Elemgasem (cualquier fósil hallado) y se lo daban a beber a los niños para que sean fuertes y sanos.
ELEMGASEM
Of the mythology Tehuelche is incomplete stories, where he stands out the figure of the ELEMGASEM, father or generator of the race that he lives in a cave, to which is attributed the responsibility of the paintings rupestres.
"Great strange animal, covered with enormous shell, very thick similar to that of the current armadillos or of stone. He stole women and he had according to some human face and according to other he was a man of size gigantic cover the back of an enormous armor."
"Gran animal extraño, cubierto de enorme cáscara, muy gruesa parecida a la de los armadillos actuales o de piedra. Robaba mujeres y tenía según algunos cara humana y según otros era un hombre de talla gigantesca cubierta la espalda de una enorme coraza."
Los Günün-a-küna tenían un canto dedicado al Elemgasem y decían que era el "dueño" de todos los animales vivientes y que sólo podía ser muerto por el rayo. Raspaban los huesos del Elemgasem (cualquier fósil hallado) y se lo daban a beber a los niños para que sean fuertes y sanos.
ELEMGASEM
Of the mythology Tehuelche is incomplete stories, where he stands out the figure of the ELEMGASEM, father or generator of the race that he lives in a cave, to which is attributed the responsibility of the paintings rupestres.
"Great strange animal, covered with enormous shell, very thick similar to that of the current armadillos or of stone. He stole women and he had according to some human face and according to other he was a man of size gigantic cover the back of an enormous armor."
GURUVILU
Deidad araucana del agua, que vive en ríos y lagunas y rara vez sale a la tierra. Cuando lo hace, tirita como si estuviera muriendo de frío. Ser masculino. Se lo representa con la forma de un gato salvaje cuya cola termina en una garra terrible, con la que envuelve a los navegantes, bañistas y jinetes para llevarlos al fondo y ahogarlos. Se dice que tanta es su fuerza, que puede arrastrar un hombre a caballo.
THE GURUVILU
Araucanian deity of the water that he lives in rivers and lagoons and rarely it leaves to the earth. When he makes it, he shivers as if he was dying from cold. To be masculine. It represents it to him with the form of a wild cat whose line finishes in a terrible claw, with which wraps the navigators, swimmers and horsemen to take them to the bottom and to drown them. It is said that so much is their force that a man can drag horse.
THE GURUVILU
Araucanian deity of the water that he lives in rivers and lagoons and rarely it leaves to the earth. When he makes it, he shivers as if he was dying from cold. To be masculine. It represents it to him with the form of a wild cat whose line finishes in a terrible claw, with which wraps the navigators, swimmers and horsemen to take them to the bottom and to drown them. It is said that so much is their force that a man can drag horse.
HUAYLLIPENYÚ
Dios mapuche de la niebla, que vive en el borde de los ríos, lagos y en la costa del mar. Ser masculino al que se representa con cuerpo de carnero, cabeza de ternero y la parte posterior de foca. Otras descripciones lo presentan con cuerpo de foca y patas de carnero, siendo las delanteras cortas y torcidas y paralíticas las traseras, lo cual no le impide ser veloz, fuerte y bravo.
Sale a la noche para acoplarse con animales domésticos, siendo sus crías tan deformes como él, y con elementos ajenos a la especie de su madre. También se acopla con mujeres, y los hijos salen mitad hombre y mitad bestia.
HUAILLEPENYÚ
God mapuche of the fog that lives in the border of the rivers, lakes and in the coast of the sea. To be masculine to which is represented with ram body, calf head and the later part of seal. Other descriptions present it with seal body and ram paws, being the short and bent leading and paralytics the back ones, that which doesn't prevent him to be speedy, strong and brave.
It leaves at night to be coupled with domestic animals, being their breedings so unsightly as him, and with elements unaware to their mother's species. It is also coupled with women, and the children leave half man and half beast.
Sale a la noche para acoplarse con animales domésticos, siendo sus crías tan deformes como él, y con elementos ajenos a la especie de su madre. También se acopla con mujeres, y los hijos salen mitad hombre y mitad bestia.
HUAILLEPENYÚ
God mapuche of the fog that lives in the border of the rivers, lakes and in the coast of the sea. To be masculine to which is represented with ram body, calf head and the later part of seal. Other descriptions present it with seal body and ram paws, being the short and bent leading and paralytics the back ones, that which doesn't prevent him to be speedy, strong and brave.
It leaves at night to be coupled with domestic animals, being their breedings so unsightly as him, and with elements unaware to their mother's species. It is also coupled with women, and the children leave half man and half beast.
HUAYRAPUCA
Personaje fabuloso de dos o tres cabezas que puede hacer tanto el bien como el mal. En un extremo de su cuerpo puede tener una monstruosa cabeza de dragón y en el otro una de serpiente. Vive en las altas cumbres y en los profundos abismos montañosos. Sus malos sentimientos se manifiestan cuando destruye las cosechas y se afana por prolongar la sequía. Para conseguir esto se traba en encarnizada lucha con Puyuspa, el nublado, su eterno enemigo. Recorre las llanuras absorbiendo la humedad de plantas y secando la garganta de los animales, que mugen lastimeramente.
HUAYRAPUCA
Fabulous character of two or three heads that he/she can make so much well the as the wrong. In an end of their body he/she can have a monstrous dragon head and in the other one one of snake. He/she lives in the high summits and in the deep mountainous abysses. Their bad feelings are manifested when it destroys the crops and he/she toils to prolong the drought. To get this it is begun in bloody fight with Puyuspa, the cloudy one, their eternal enemy. It travels the plains absorbing the humidity of plants and the throat of the animals that you/they moo plaintively drying off.
HUAYRAPUCA
Fabulous character of two or three heads that he/she can make so much well the as the wrong. In an end of their body he/she can have a monstrous dragon head and in the other one one of snake. He/she lives in the high summits and in the deep mountainous abysses. Their bad feelings are manifested when it destroys the crops and he/she toils to prolong the drought. To get this it is begun in bloody fight with Puyuspa, the cloudy one, their eternal enemy. It travels the plains absorbing the humidity of plants and the throat of the animals that you/they moo plaintively drying off.
KAY KAY FILÚ
Kay Kay Filú, la serpiente enemiga de la vida, convocó a las aguas para cubrir la tierra y acabar con los hombres y animales. Tren Tren Filú, aliada de la gente, organizó la defensa rogando a los cerros que crecieran a la par de la inundación. Hombres y mujeres treparon a cada loma, pero algunos no llegaron, son peces, son rocas. Los que consiguieron lugar en las alturas salvaron suy vida y en espera de que las aguas bajaran, expuestos de cerca al sol, quedaron morenos. Ellos son los mapuche, la gente de la tierra ( de mapu: tierra y che: gente).
Así es el génesis del pueblo mapuche, transmitido de abuelo a abuelo a través de los siglos.
Así es el génesis del pueblo mapuche, transmitido de abuelo a abuelo a través de los siglos.
Kay Kay Filú, the enemy snake of the life, summoned to the waters to cover the earth and to put an end to the men and animals. Tren Tren Filú, allied of people, it organized the defense requesting to the hills that grew at the same time of the flood. Men and women climbed to each hill, but some didn't arrive, they are fish, they are rocks. Those that got place in the heights saved suy life and while waiting for that the waters lowered, exposed closely in the sun, they were brown. They are the mapuche, people of the earth (of mapu: earth and che: people).
It is this way the genesis of the town mapuche, transmitted of grandfather to grandfather through the centuries.
It is this way the genesis of the town mapuche, transmitted of grandfather to grandfather through the centuries.
Taiyín
Poderoso chamán del pueblo Shelk’nam quién gravitó de manera importante en el universo espiritual de los onas, decapitó con su honda a la despiadada Taita (Che’Enem), quién había provocado una gran hambruna y controlaba las costas de Tierra del Fuego. Este poderoso guerrero conocido también como Shenu K’ Tam, es el colibrí en el génesis de los shelk’nam. Luego de ultimar a Taita, tomó el arco y las flechas que ella tenía, y se las mostró al pueblo para que ellos aprendieran a fabricarlas. Luego lanzando piedras con su honda, originó lagos y lagunas, y con otra piedra abrió un canal al norte generando apertura del Estrecho de Magallanes. Luego voló al continente y no volvió más a la isla.
TÁIYIN
Powerful chamán of the town Shelk'nam who gravitated in an important way in the spiritual universe of the onas, it beheaded with their sling to the merciless Taita (Che'Enem), who it had caused a great famine and it controlled the costs of Earth of the Fire. This powerful well-known warrior also as Shenu K' Tam, is the hummingbird in the genesis of the shelk'nam. after finishing Taita, he took the arch and the arrows that she had, and it showed them to the town so that they learned how to manufacture them. Then throwing stones with their sling, it originated lakes and lagoons, and with another stone he opened a channel to the north generating opening of Magellan's Strait. Then it flew to the containing one and it didn't return more to the island.
TÁIYIN
Powerful chamán of the town Shelk'nam who gravitated in an important way in the spiritual universe of the onas, it beheaded with their sling to the merciless Taita (Che'Enem), who it had caused a great famine and it controlled the costs of Earth of the Fire. This powerful well-known warrior also as Shenu K' Tam, is the hummingbird in the genesis of the shelk'nam. after finishing Taita, he took the arch and the arrows that she had, and it showed them to the town so that they learned how to manufacture them. Then throwing stones with their sling, it originated lakes and lagoons, and with another stone he opened a channel to the north generating opening of Magellan's Strait. Then it flew to the containing one and it didn't return more to the island.
Yaguareté Abá
Hombre tigre, leyenda muy difundida en Corrientes, Misiones y Paraguay.
Son viejos indios bautizados que de noche se vuelven yaguaretés para comerse
a sus compañeros u otras personas. Cuando les viene el mal propósito se alejan de sus semejantes y se sumergen en la oscuridad de la noche, buscando el abrigo de un matorral. Allí empiezan a revolcarse de izquierda a derecha sobre un cuero de jaguar, rezando un credo al revés mientras cambian de aspecto. Salen entonces de caza, y ya devorada la presa, retoman a su forma primitiva, realizando la misma operación, pero ahora en sentido inverso.
THE YAGUARETÉ-ABÁ
Man tiger, legend very diffused in Corrientes, Missions and Paraguay.
They are old baptized Indians that at night they become yaguaretés to eat up
to their partners or other people. When he/she comes them the bad purpose they move away from their fellow men and they dive in the darkness of the night, looking for the coat of a heath. There they begin to flail from left to right on a jaguar leather, praying a credo the other way around while they change aspect. They leave hunt then, and already devoured the prey, they recapture to their primitive form, carrying out the same operation, but now in inverse sense.
Son viejos indios bautizados que de noche se vuelven yaguaretés para comerse
a sus compañeros u otras personas. Cuando les viene el mal propósito se alejan de sus semejantes y se sumergen en la oscuridad de la noche, buscando el abrigo de un matorral. Allí empiezan a revolcarse de izquierda a derecha sobre un cuero de jaguar, rezando un credo al revés mientras cambian de aspecto. Salen entonces de caza, y ya devorada la presa, retoman a su forma primitiva, realizando la misma operación, pero ahora en sentido inverso.
THE YAGUARETÉ-ABÁ
Man tiger, legend very diffused in Corrientes, Missions and Paraguay.
They are old baptized Indians that at night they become yaguaretés to eat up
to their partners or other people. When he/she comes them the bad purpose they move away from their fellow men and they dive in the darkness of the night, looking for the coat of a heath. There they begin to flail from left to right on a jaguar leather, praying a credo the other way around while they change aspect. They leave hunt then, and already devoured the prey, they recapture to their primitive form, carrying out the same operation, but now in inverse sense.
Cumanga
Criatura fabulosa de las tradiciones brasileñas.La cumanga es una versión femenina del hombre lobo, que posee una particularidad: su cabeza puede separarse del cuerpo y volar como una bola de fuego. La visión de éste fenómeno es tan horrible que lleva a los testigos a la locura.Según la leyenda, la cumanga es una mujer que mantuvo relaciones prohibidas. Según otras versiones, se trata de la séptima hija de una unión ilegítima.
Fabulous creature of the traditions of the Brazil. The cumanga is the man's wolf feminine version that possesses a particularity: their head can separate the body and to fly like a fire ball. The vision of this phenomenon is so horrible that it takes to the witness to become crazy. According to the legend, the cumanga is a woman that maintained forbidden relationships. According to other versions, it is the seventh daughter of an illegitimate union.
Capelobo
El capelobo o cupelobo, es un ser demoníaco de las tradiciones del Brasil. Tiene cuerpo humano y cabeza de tapir y pueden considerarse similitudes con el Hombre- Lobo. Incluso se lo suele considerar como el Lobizón de los indígenas. Sale por las noches y ronda los campamentos para matar perros y gatos con los que se alimenta. Si el Capelobo se cruza con un eventual cazador, lo atacará en la carótida y beberá su sangre.
The capelobo or cupelobo, are a being of the devil of the traditions of the Brazil. He has human body and tapir head and they can be considered similarities with the Man - Wolf. It usually considers even it to him as the Man - Wolf of the natives. It leaves for the nights and beat the camps to kill dogs and cats with those that he feeds. If the Capelobo crosses with an eventual hunter, it will attack it in the carotid and he/she will drink its blood.
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